Heating stove or furnace.



PA TENTED DEC. 15, 1903.

T. D. EVANS, DEOD. E. P. H. EVANS, ADMINISTRATRIX. HEATING STOVE 0R PURNAGE.

.APPLIOATIDN r11. 1) .20 1903. H0 110mm B witnesses..-

s PETERS 00, P 0 wAsxmnr if? NITED STAT-ES Patented December 15 1903.

PATE FFICE.

THOMAS D. EVANS, OF TOLEDO, OIIIO; ELIZABETH P. H. EVANS ADMINIS- TRATRIX OF SAID THOMAS D. EVANS, DECEASED.

HEATING sTovrs OR FUR E-..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Nd. 746,939, dated December 15,1 903. 'Application died March 20, 1903.- Serial No. 148,656. I {No.mbdel.)

To all whom; it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS D. EVANS, a citizen of the United States, residing at T6- ledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful im. provements in Heating Stoves or Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to bee full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the 10 art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

I 5 My invention relates to heating stoves, fu rnaces, 850., and is especially adapted to the class used for burning soft coal-and other fuel whereof a large percentage of the substance is lostin smoke and gases by imperfect combustion. I do not wish it understood, however, that my invention is exclusively confined to this class of stoves, as it is also efficient in stoves for burning wood and hard coal.

By experimenting I have discovered that about one-third more air than gas is required in stoves and furnaces to make a proper combustion of the smoke and gases contained therein. I have also discovered that in burn- 0 ing soft coal about four-fifths of the substance thereof is lost in smoke and gases that escape to the atmosphere through the fines-e. g., in burning five pounds of soft coal about four pounds is lost in smoke and gases.

The object of my invention is to provide means entirely inclosed within the stove or furnace whereby asufficient quantity of heated air is evenly distributed and commingled with the smoke and gases within the stove or furnace to produce practically a'perfect combustion thereof, and thus consume threefourths or nearly all of the smoke, according to the degree at which the air has been heated before the commingling process takes place.

A further object of my invention is to produce a greater degree of heat than is now obtained from the same amount of fuel and a consequent reduction in the consumption thereof.

In the stoves commonly used the exit-flue for the smoke is located in the upper part thereof, and as the tendency of heated air is to rise the heat generated by the fire is caused to radiate into the room principally from the upper part of the stove and not as much from the lower part as is desired. In my invention I have so arranged the fines and combustionchambers that the heated air and unconsumed smoke seeking an exit are required to traverse twice the length of the stove, thus causing the heat'to be radiated into the room; evenly from all parts of the stove.

While the essential features of my invention are nec'essarilysusceptible ofmoditieation, the preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a central longitudinal vertical sectional front view of the body'portion of a stove embodying my invention, taken on the dotted line y"y in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse horizontal sectional view of my stove, taken on the dotted line as w in Fig. 1. Fig.

3 is a central longitudinal vertical sectional side view of the body portion of myinvention, taken on the dotted line so a? in Fig. 1 and showing a portion of the casing of the heating-chamber broken away. Fig. etis a transverse horizontal sectional view of the same, taken on the dotted line y y in Fig. 1, showing portions broken away; and' Fig. dis a reduced perspective view of the air-generator employed in my invention.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the fire-pot, B'the'casing above the'firepot, having the feed-door O therein, and D the .smokepipe, of an ordinary cylihderstove used for burning wood or soft coal.

Formed adjacent to the upper inner edge of the fire-pot A'and extending substantially o three-quarters of the way around the same are the two converging flanges a and a, which meet and form a closed annular channel or conduit within the fire-pot for receiving and distributing air to the generator E 5 and also act as a supporting-bracket on which said generator is adapted to rest. The channel formed by these converging flanges a and a is divided by the partition 2) into the two parallel channels or conduits c and c, the said partition being slightly shorter at either end than the said parts a. and a to l I V UNI provide means of communication between the said conduits, as shown in Fig. 4:. A series of ports (I are provided in the converging member a to afford communication between the distributing conduit or channel and the generator E,'the said generator being in vertical alinement with said chamber. The air required to supply the generator E is admitted to the channel or conduit 0 through ports controlled by the rotary dampers e,located in the rear of the fire-pot A.

The generator E, which has its bottom seated tightly within suitable flanges provided on the upper part of the converging member a in vertical alinement with the conduit or channel c,comprises substantially a three-quarter circular chamber within the section B of the stove, and is formed of the vertically disposed curved plates f and f, the same being connected at their tops and edges to form a chamber. The space between the casing of the stove and the outer platef of the generator is divided by the radiating flanges or vertical partitions g g, into the two side flues h h and the rear flue 1;, the said partitions stopping slightly short of the bottom of the generator to afford communication between the flues h and i at either side thereof. It will be noted by reference to Figs. 1 and 3 that the flue '5, through which the smoke, &c., is adapted to pass to the exit-flue or smoke-pipe D, is extended to the top of the stove by a prolongation of the partitionsg g and the portion of the outer plate 5 f between the said partitions, thus inclosing and communicating with the opening to the pipe D.

To afford means for the heated air in the generator E to be discharged into the stove, and thus commingle with the smoke and gases therein and cause a combustion and consumption of the greater part of the same, I provide the perforations j on the entire inner surface of the plate f, the perforations j on the upper half of the plate f within the flues h h, and the perforationsj on the lower half of the platef within the flue '5, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. I have found that by distributing the said perforations in the manner described better results are obtained, as a triple commingling and combustion of the heated air and gases is obtained before the smoke and gases reach the exit-flue D, thus causing a more perfect consumption of the smoke and a greater amount of combustion and consequent heat.

Suspended within the upper portion of the generatorE is the hollow cone-shaped smokedeflector 7a, which also aids in distributing the heated air to the interior of the stove, the air being supplied to it from said generator through the three pipes Z, communicating with the upper part thereof and discharged from it through the perforations 7c, provided on its under or conical surface. While I do not confine myself to the use of the deflector is in connection with thegenerator E, the

same is preferably desired, as better results are thereby obtained.

In the operation of myinvention the air is drawn into the conduit or channel cfrom the atmosphere through the dampers e, traversing thence around the forward ends of the partition 1) into the parallel channel or conduit c, and entering the generator E through the ports d, provided in the bottom thereof, the air becoming heated to quite a high degree as it passes around the fire-pot in the conduits c and c. As the heating of the air causes it to rise, it is forced into the said generator and deflector k and discharged through the perforationsj and is into the stove,where it commingles with the escaping gases and smoke rising from the fire and causes combustion, sending out a small stream of fire from each aperture. As the remaining unconsumed smoke and gases strike the deflector they are forced outward over the upper edge of the generator E into the flues h h, passing down the same to the openings at the bottoms of the partitions g g, where they enter the rear flue i and seek an exit through the smoke-pipe D. The escaped gases and smoke coming in contact and commingling with the heated air discharged from the perforationsj' within the flues h h and the perforationsj" within the flue 01 cause a second and third combustion before the same are permitted to leave the\stove by way of the flue D. It will thus be apparent that the loss of fuel by way of smoke is reduced to a minimum and that the heat which is lost by way of the smoke-pipe in the ordinary stove when it rises to the top thereof is compelled to twice traverse the length of the stove to find an exit. It will also be apparent that the heat instead of rising to the top of the stove and being radiated into the room principally from that portion thereof, as is the case with the stoves commonly in use will radiate equally from all parts of the stove.

If it is desired to use my invention in connection with stoves for burning hard coal, the generator E and conduits c and 0 may be extended entirely around the interior of the stove, as the coal would be fed through the top instead of the side door (1, as shown in the drawings.

While I have shown and described the stove and generator embodying my invention as being round, it is obvious that such changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction of the parts as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my'invention may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A stove having a perforated air-generator therein, an annular casing supporting said generator and forming a conduit for heating and admitting air thereto, passage-ways between said generator and the casing of said stove leading to the lower portion thereof and back to the exit-flue of said stove, substantially as described.

2. A stove having a casing forming segmen tal conduits within its lower portion and communicating with the atmosphere, a circular perforated chamber supported by said casing within said stove and communicating with said conduits, and dues provided between said chamber and the casing of said stove for the exit of the heated gases, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a stove or furnace, of a circular vertical chamber therein having its inner surface perforated, a conduit leading from the atmosphere to the forward part of said stove and supporting and com-- municating with said chamber, passage-ways divided by vertical partitions located between said chamber and the casing of said stove leading to the lower portion thereof and back to the exit-flue of said stove, and perforations provided in portions of iheouter casing of said chamber to communicate with said passage-ways.

4. The combination with a stove or furnace, of a chamber supported within and conforming to the shape of said stove, perforations provided in the inner casing of said chamber, a conduit for heating and admitting air to said chamber, fines provided between said chamber and the casing of said stove leading to the lower portion thereof and back to the exit-flue at the top of said stove, and the perforationsj' and j for admitting air to said fines from said chamber, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a stove or fornace, of a vertically-disposed air-chamber therein, air admission and heating conduits commnuicatingwith said chamberandlocated below the same within the fire-box of the stove, means provided for discharging the air from said chamber into the interior of said stove, fines provided between said chamber and the casing of said stove leading to the bottom thereotband a flue communicating with said first-mentioned dues and leading to the smoke-pipe of said stove, substantially as described.

6. A stove or furnace, having a vertical air-generator therein, double segmental airforward part of said stove and communicating with a second conduit parallel therewith and in vertical alinement with said chamber, communication between said chamber and said second conduit, perforations provided in said chamber to ad mit heated air to said stove, and means provided between the casing of said stove and said chamber for causing the gases in said stove to twice traverse the length of said casing to find an exit, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a stove or furnace, of a circular vertical chamber located within the casing of said stove, conduits within the fire-pot leading from the atmosphere to the bottom of said chamber and communicating therewith, means for controlling the admission of air to said conduits, a de flector suspended within the upper part of said chamber, perforations provided in the inner casing of said chamber for discharging air into said stove, passage-ways between said chamber and the casing of said stove for the heated gases to pass to the bottom thereof and back to the top of the stove to the exitflue, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this-specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS D. EVANS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE W. EVANS,

DAVID R. EVANS. 

